Cryopreservation of Porcine Gametes: A Chilly Future in the Swine Industry
نویسندگان
چکیده
There are many reasons why cryopreservation of gametes are important: 1) maintenance of genetic diversity in domestic and wild species populations (Wildt 1992; Wildt 1997; Critser and Russell 2000), 2) facilitating the distribution of “genetically superior” domestic species lines, 3) treatment of human infertility (Kuczynski et al. 2001; Ranganathan et al. 2002; Tash et al. 2003; Agarwal et al. 2004; Nalesnik et al. 2004), and 4) genetic banking of genetically modified animal models of human health and disease (Critser and Russell 2000; Knight and Abbott 2002). Although cryopreservation of gametes has been routine in many other industries such as the dairy industry, the swine industry is still in it infancy. Birth of live offspring has been reported from cryopreserved sperm and embryos, but success is still extremely low. From an industry perspective the low success rate has too much of an economic impact therefore the integration of the technology has been slow. However, the improvements in the technologies are slowly improving pregnancy rates, farrowing rates and litter size. Integration of cryopreservation into the swine industry is coming and will have a huge impact on movement of genetic material internationally and domestically.
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